Baby-sitting Cattle
Thursday, April 1st, 2010
A mama cow watching several calves.
Observing a herd of cattle is a great tool of ranchers. You can learn a lot about the behavior of the herd and the behavior of the cows as individuals.
For example, there is always a lead cow. A cow that is in charge. As a rancher, your job is much easier when you figure out which animal is in charge of the herd. Then you only have to be in charge of that cow. The rest will follow. We have trained our leader, Fatty, with a sing-song call. We can be two pastures away and call, “C’mon cow, let’s go!”
Seconds later we will hear a “Moo.” Then a minute later, we will hear a chorus of “Moos.” Soon we will see the cows headed towards us with Fatty in the lead.
In addition to our leader, Fatty, our herd bull, Romeo, plays an important role. His job is protector of the herd. And, he takes it seriously. Fortunately for us, our cattle are docile. This is the main reason that we chose to raise Beefmasters, which are known for their good dispositions.
On cattle working day, we sort the calves from their mothers. Then we run them in the chute to await their branding, de-horning, and in some cases castration. Instead of grazing with the rest of the herd, Romeo stands on the other side of the pen watching his calves.
I have to be honest. On occasion, his presence has been a little intimidating. After all, he weighs about two thousand pounds. He waits until the last calf has been worked. As they are released back to the herd, he greets them with a reassuring nudge of his nose. Only when his herd has been reunited, Romeo resumes grazing.
Another behavior that intrigues me is the way that cows baby-sit for each other. Sometimes it is a new mother who is in charge of all the calves. Sometimes they recruit or train an older heifer to watch the calves. The cows have a system and they trade off responsibilities.
If you don’t believe me, simply spend some time observing cattle. They don’t have to yours. They don’t have to be on our ranch. Cattle are cattle. However, they do need to be a multi-generational herd. In a pen of only calves, there will not be a baby-sitter. But in the natural setting, cattle share these responsibilities.
This is what you will see. The whole herd seems to be randomly grazing in a grassy pasture. All the heads are down and they are steadily, but slowly eating their way through the grass. A few cows might be full. They have laid down together and are chewing their cud. All the calves seem to be grazing together. Or, they are tired of eating grass and are exercising and playing with head butts.
If you watch closely, there is one cow/older heifer in charge of these calves. She keeps them together. She is not grazing as steadily as the other cows. She keeps her eyes on the calves.
Soon another cow stops grazing or stands up from her rest and walks over to a calf. The calf runs to meet her. They smell each other and the cow licks the calf on the forehead. The calf goes straight to nursing. Here comes another mama cow. Soon all the calves are nursing. When the calves are full, the mama cow will lick them down their necks and sometimes on their sides. If it is a brand-new calf, she will lick the navel to clean it.
Then the mother leaves to resume grazing. If it is her turn to baby-sit, then she stays and the prior baby-sitter is relieved of her post. She can now graze steadily and fill her belly with confidence that her calf is being watched.
Cattle are smart creatures. They are also interesting to study. I have often marveled at the way they work together as a herd. I am glad that Cross Creek Cattle Company raises cattle in the natural way. I am not sure that these observations can be found when cattle are not raised naturally. I personally think that it is the best way to raise cattle for the rancher’s sake and for the sake of the herd.
